Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for Acetyl Bromide

Identification

Product Name: Acetyl Bromide
Chemical Formula: C2H3BrO
CAS Number: 506-96-7
Manufacturer: Listed manufacturer and supplier contact details must always be included for traceability and emergency response.
Uses: Employed in laboratories for acetylation and as a reagent in organic synthesis.

Hazard Identification

Classification: Corrosive, Highly Flammable, Harmful when inhaled or swallowed
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage, May cause respiratory irritation, Highly flammable liquid and vapor, Harmful if swallowed or inhaled
Pictograms: GHS02 (Flame), GHS05 (Corrosion), GHS07 (Exclamation Mark)
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray, Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection, Wash hands thoroughly after handling, Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area.

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical Name: Acetyl Bromide
Synonyms: Ethanoyl bromide, Acetyl bromide solution
Concentration: Pure substance (typically 98% or higher by weight)
Impurities: Minimal quantities of water or hydrogen bromide may be present.

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move the person to fresh air immediately, keep at rest, and seek medical attention for breathing difficulty. Oxygen or artificial respiration may be required.
Skin Contact: Remove all contaminated clothing right away, rinse skin thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes, and get medical help if irritation or burns occur.
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes cautiously with water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if feasible), continue rinsing, and get medical attention immediately as permanent injury may result.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, rinse mouth, never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person, and seek immediate medical attention.

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide, or alcohol-resistant foam.
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Water jets may cause violent reactions.
Special Hazards: Emits toxic fumes of hydrogen bromide, acetic acid, and carbon oxides under fire conditions.
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Wear full turnout gear and self-contained breathing apparatus. Move containers away from fire if it can be done without risk.

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Restrict access to the affected area, ventilate, and equip responders with personal protective equipment including chemical splash goggles, acid-resistant gloves, and breathing apparatus.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spill from entering drains, groundwater, or soil.
Spill Cleanup: Absorb using sand or inert absorbent, collect in containers for safe disposal, and thoroughly ventilate the area.

Handling and Storage

Handling: Work in a fume hood, avoid inhalation and contact with skin or eyes, and never open containers near heat or ignition sources.
Storage: Keep in original tightly closed container, store away from heat, sources of ignition, water, alcohols, and strong bases or oxidizers. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place protected from direct sunlight.

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Engineering Controls: Use under fume extraction or in well-ventilated areas, install eye wash stations and safety showers nearby.
Personal Protection: Wear chemical splash goggles, acid-resistant gloves, impervious clothing, and respiratory protection if vapor levels are high. Remove contaminated clothing and wash thoroughly after handling.
Exposure Limits: No occupational exposure limits have been established, so work to limit airborne concentrations as much as possible.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Pungent, penetrating
Molecular Weight: 137.96 g/mol
Boiling Point: 77–80°C
Melting Point: <0°C
Flash Point: Below 21°C
Vapor Pressure: Moderate at room temperature
Solubility: Reacts with water, soluble in organic solvents

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage and use conditions
Reactivity: Highly reactive with water, alcohols, amines, and strong bases
Hazardous Decomposition: May generate hydrogen bromide and acetic acid fumes
Conditions to Avoid: Moisture, heat, flames, strong oxidizers, and incompatibles such as metals and alkalis

Toxicological Information

Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, ingestion
Acute Effects: Severe burns to skin, respiratory tract, and eyes; mucous membrane irritation, coughing, choking, and shortness of breath
Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated exposure may cause lung injury, dental erosion, and dermatitis
Toxicity Data: LD50 oral (rat): 950 mg/kg
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic by IARC, NTP, or OSHA

Ecological Information

Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms; may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment
Persistence and Degradability: Hydrolyzes rapidly to acetic acid and hydrogen bromide, both of which can increase acidity in water bodies
Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate significantly
Mobility in Soil: Expected to have high mobility in soil due to reaction with water and moisture

Disposal Considerations

Disposal Methods: Incinerate in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber; observe all label recommendations for container disposal
Regulations: Comply with local, state, and federal environmental regulations; hazardous waste disposal protocols must be followed

Transport Information

UN Number: 1713
Proper Shipping Name: Acetyl Bromide
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable Liquid); 8 (Corrosive)
Packing Group: I (Substances presenting high danger)
Marine Pollutant: Yes
Special Precautions: Keep away from moisture, incompatible chemicals, and ignition sources during transit

Regulatory Information

OSHA: Listed as hazardous
TSCA Inventory: Listed
SARA Title III (Sections 302/304/311/312/313): Subject to reporting
RCRA Status: Classified as hazardous waste
EU Regulation: Complies with REACH regulations; classified as hazardous under EU CLP
Other Regulations: Follow all applicable safety, health, and environmental regulations regarding storage, handling, and disposal of acetyl bromide